Energy consumption in the Czech Republic rose in 2025
Energy consumption rebounds in the Czech Republic: electricity, gas and heat increasing
In 2025, energy consumption in the Czech Republic returned to growth, marking a reversal of the trend seen in previous years characterized by market uncertainty and volatility. According to official data from the Energy Regulatory Office (ERO), consumption of electricity, natural gas and heat recorded a significant increase, with gas leading the growth.
The rise in energy consumption in the Czech Republic was mainly driven by lower temperatures compared to the previous year and a decline in energy prices, which supported stronger demand from households and businesses.
- Natural gas recorded a 6.5% increase,
- while electricity consumption grew by 1.8%
- and heat consumption by 3.4%.
These figures signal a phase of stabilization in the Czech energy system and a recovery in domestic demand.
Electricity production increases and the Czech Republic remains a net exporter
Electricity production in the Czech Republic increased by 3.2% compared to the previous year, strengthening the country’s role as a net exporter of electricity in Central Europe. The cross-border balance – the difference between exports and imports – rose from 6.7 to 7.4 TWh, confirming the competitiveness of the national power system.
Net electricity consumption reached 59 TWh, up 1.8% year-on-year. The most significant increase was recorded among households (+6.5%), followed by small and medium-sized enterprises (+1.9%). Large high-voltage consumers posted a slight increase (+0.2%), while extra-high-voltage consumers recorded a 2.9% decrease, reflecting a more cautious trend in energy-intensive industrial sectors.
According to ERO President Jan Šefránek, the growth in electricity and gas consumption was primarily driven by small consumers, supported by lower energy prices and colder weather conditions.
Energy mix: nuclear power leads and photovoltaics expand
The energy mix of the Czech Republic remains heavily based on nuclear and traditional sources. Nuclear and steam power plants together generated 81.5% of national electricity. In particular, nuclear energy accounted for 42.6% of total production, up 8.1% year-on-year, confirming its role as a pillar of the country’s energy security.
Steam power plants recorded more moderate growth (+0.5%), while renewable energy sources continue to gain ground. Photovoltaic plants produced 18.6% more electricity than the previous year, with installed capacity increasing from 4 to 4.5 GWe. Hydropower generation, by contrast, declined due to reduced rainfall.
The evolution of the Czech energy mix therefore shows a structure that remains solid and traditional, but with tangible signs of energy transition thanks to the development of solar power.
Strong growth in natural gas: consumption and flows increase
Natural gas was the fastest-growing energy source in 2025. Gas consumption in the Czech Republic rose by 6.5%, reaching 7.2 billion cubic meters (78.9 TWh). The climate factor played a decisive role: the average annual temperature was about one degree lower than the previous year, boosting demand for residential and commercial heating.
Gas flows through the national system also increased significantly. Inflows reached 8.5 billion cubic meters, up 39% year-on-year, while outflows amounted to 1.3 billion cubic meters, nearly four times higher than in 2024. Although still below pre-war levels before the conflict in Ukraine, the Czech gas system shows gradual rebalancing and greater integration into European energy flows.
Increase in heat consumption and district heating
Heat consumption in district heating systems in the Czech Republic also rose in 2025. The total reached 68.2 petajoules (PJ), up 3.4% year-on-year. Demand was mainly driven by households, commerce, services, education and healthcare, while industry recorded a slight decline (-0.1%).
Total heat production reached 137 PJ (+3.1%). One third of heat was generated from lignite, whose use declined by 0.6%, signaling a gradual rebalancing between traditional and alternative sources. Overall, the data confirm a recovery in energy consumption in the Czech Republic, supported by climatic factors and a more favorable price environment, with an energy system that remains stable and competitive on foreign markets.
Source: Idnes.cz
